Over time, web providers are catching on the the fact that the visually impaired cannot easily solve CAPTCHAs. There are many tools that will solve the original style of CAPTCHA for you, one example is https://captchabegone.com/ which should be able to intercept and solve a CAPTCHA on an onion site. At the moment, tools such as this are your best bet. All you can do is some trial and error.
Going beyond this...
If the site uses the more modern reCAPTCHA - the sort that asks you to click on squares containing cars or similar visual tests - they have an audio button which should be detected by browsers for the blind, as shown here . The problem is that the likes of ChromeVox, JAWS, NVDA or VoiceOver won't display onion sites. But then, reCAPTCHAs that rely upon Google servers for authentication aren't likely to be found on onion sites.
The W3C is actively trying to produce an alternative to CAPTCHA for use by people with various impairments, see here for current thinking, but again, onion sites are not being considered.
The underlying issue is that people putting up sites on Tor don't pay attention to disability legislation. Also, of course, they are unlikely to be found and prosecuted for it.