Since Tails runs from a CDROM, as soon as you reboot, all you configuration and web content will be gone. But, you can get it working.
Tails puts some heavy restrictions on outgoing network packets. You'll have to explicitly allow outgoing packets to port 8080 on the loopback device.
# iptables -I OUTPUT -o lo -p tcp --dport 8080 -j ACCEPT
After this, you should be able to connect to your hidden server through tor.
# cat /var/lib/tor/http_service/hostname
a23a7jqil5dkimu2.onion
# curl http://a23a7jqil5dkimu2.onion:8080
<html><body><h1>It works!</h1>
<p>This is the default web page for this server.</p>
<p>The web server software is running but no content has been added, yet.</p>
</body></html>
Tails will put some environment variables in your shell. Curl uses these to send http(s) requests through polipo
root@amnesia:~# env | grep -i proxy
http_proxy=http://127.0.0.1:8118
GIT_PROXY_COMMAND=/usr/local/bin/connect-socks
HTTPS_PROXY=http://127.0.0.1:8118
https_proxy=http://127.0.0.1:8118
HTTP_PROXY=http://127.0.0.1:8118
If you want to connect directly to your webserver, then unset these environment variables.
# unset http_proxy HTTPS_PROXY https_proxy HTTP_PROXY
# curl http://localhost:8080
<html><body><h1>It works!</h1>
<p>This is the default web page for this server.</p>
<p>The web server software is running but no content has been added, yet.</p>
</body></html>